Intro Part 5 & Chapter 16 - Vern Chao

Opening to Part 5

• In the opening of Strayer's Way's of the world part 5, it is titled, "The European Moment in Wrld History" (772) and the timeline focuses on 1750-1914.
• The opening mentions the creation of a new society that is "Modern." The opening mentions that Modern came from the Scientific revolution, French Revolution, and Industrial Revolution. Modern influenced the new idea of social equality.

Chapter 16

• Global Context of the multiple Revolutions
• Russia had uprisings (revolts) while China had unsuccessful rebellions.
• Thomas Jefferson was the U.S. ambassador to France on the eve of the French Revolution (783)
• When the British levied additional taxes on their North American colonies, it influenced the American and French revolution.
• John Locke argued for a "social contract" where the government and the governed last as long as the people are served and if there is no corruption of power. (Paraphrased from 784)
• "Because their overall thrust was to extent political rights further than ever before, these Atlantic movements have often been referred to as democratic revolutions" (Strayer, 784). In addition, "their" refers to women, slaves, Native Americans, and men without property.
• The Atlantic revolution had a global impact. The ideas of human equality were articulated in the Declaration of Human RiRights from the United Nations in 1948.

• In the U.S. Revolution, there was a struggle to gain independence from an oppressive British rule. There was the Declaration of Independece in 1776 and afterwards, the 13 colonies became 13 U.S. states.

French Revolution

• france followed America's revolution. The French aided the U.S. when the U.S. fought the Birtish.
• "Ordinary men and women whose incomes had declined for a generation suffered in the 1780s because of the rise in cost of bread and unemployment" (788)
• King Louis XVI and his Queen were beheaded in 1793.
• "7,000 Parisian women marched to the palace in Versailles and desped Queen Marie Antoinette and forced the royal family to return with them to Paris" (790). 
• Furthermore (paraphrased), the women wrote political demands that included lack of education, class, gender, price of bread, soap, and the prevalence of prostitution" (790)
• Significance of Napoleon Bonaparte.

Haitain Revolution

• Saint Domingue was a colonial society became renamed as Haiti. Saint Domingue had 8,000 plantation with a 500,000 slave labor force.
• "Both white groups opposed the idea that the 'rights of man' mean equality for all regardless of race" (793).
• "Freedom in Haiti came to mean the end of slavery rather than ppolitical rights for all. Haiti was a source of hope. Its example inspired other slave rebellions and became a source of pride for people of African descent" (794).

Spanish American Revolution

• Whites throughout Latin America were out numbered by Native American, people of African ancestry, and people of mixed race"
• In 1808 Napoleon invaded Spain and Portugal, deposed the Spanish King (Ferdinand VII) and exile his Portuguise family to Brazil. This gave independence to states in Latina America.
• This revolution took twice as long as the U.S. revolution

Abolition of Slavery

• 1780-1890 Began the consideration and actualy end of slavery in most parts of the world. People learned that it is a violation of natural rights of every person.
• The British public say, "slavery was morally wrong, economically inefficient, and politically unwise" (799)
• Britain was a super power at the tim and they stopped the purchase of slaves in 1807. This led to other nations to follow this practice.